2019中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

　　在今年的中考英語(yǔ)中有一部分變化是同學(xué)們不容忽視的，那就是閱讀理解。它由原來(lái)的三篇現(xiàn)增至四篇，分值也相應(yīng)的升至20分，對(duì)于閱讀部分薄弱的同學(xué)也許會(huì)感到局促不安，其實(shí)只要大家掌握好答題技巧，閱讀理解還是可以迎刃而解的。

　　閱讀理解主要考查學(xué)生一下幾個(gè)方面的閱讀理解能力：

　　1、理解和把握文章主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想的能力。

　　2、理解和把握文章具體信息來(lái)獲取有關(guān)信息能力，及根據(jù)上下文提供的語(yǔ)境推測(cè)生詞詞義、句意，進(jìn)而加深對(duì)文章的理解能力。

　　3、根據(jù)文章進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字推算和計(jì)算的能力。

　　4、既要理解詞、短語(yǔ)、句 子和文章的表層意思，更要理解其深層含義和抽象概念的能力。

　　5、理解全篇的邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)已知信息進(jìn)行合理的推理判斷和預(yù)測(cè)新信息的能力。

　　解題技巧：

　　2、顛倒法：先讀試題再讀文章，這樣我們可以帶著問(wèn)題有的放矢的閱讀文章并迅速發(fā)現(xiàn)答案。

　　3、交叉法：先閱讀一篇文章，把握中 心大意后開(kāi)始答題，對(duì)暫時(shí)確定不了的答案，可再次回讀文章的有關(guān)內(nèi) 容并對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析、推敲后再確定。

　　4、排除法：對(duì)拿不準(zhǔn)的答案，可先逐項(xiàng)排除自己有把握的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，再將剩下的答案進(jìn)行比較、篩選，直到確 定最佳答案。

　　5、要尊重原材料中的信息、觀點(diǎn)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上答題;不要憑想當(dāng)然、主觀臆斷答題，不要鉆牛角尖。

　　6、在做任務(wù)型閱讀回答問(wèn)題時(shí)，要盡量簡(jiǎn)略回答，無(wú)關(guān)信息盡量刪除。特殊疑問(wèn)句的回答基本是直接信息，在 原文中能直接找到答案。

　　【典型例題剖析】

　　My parents taught me not to waste food. My mom always found ways to make leftovers (剩余食物) taste good. I went to Ilan to learn about some of their special foods. As I was there, I learned about the food and the history of the area. I learned that they don't waste food, either, and they use leftovers!

　　Many years ago, there was not enough food for everyone. People learned to cook and eat almost everything. They had to think of ways to make special dishes. One of these dishes is kao zha. It's made with leftovers li ke meat, soup, oil and fat. That might not sound very good, but it does taste good. Today, kao zha is a special dish at big banquets (宴會(huì)).

　　Another famous dish is called zao bing. It's made with fruit, meat and other things. I really liked it! But I didn't want to eat too much. It has a lot of fat in it.

　　I smelled something b urning and I saw smoke, so I found another special food of the Ilan area─ duck meat. The duck meat is put in a big oven (爐子) to cook it. Smoke keeps the meat fresh. I don't usually eat meat, but this duck meat was delicious! It tasted sweet.

　　Ilan is a great place with delicious food. I hope I can come back again!

　　1. The writer learns from her parents __________.

　　A. not to eat leftovers B. to eat good food

　　C. not to waste food D. to make good food

　　2. She finds that people in Ilan __________.

　　A. always waste food B. don't use leftovers

　　C. don't have enough food D. can cook special food

　　3. Kao zha is a good dish that is made with __________.

　　A. fruit, meat and other things B. fresh and sweet duck meat

　　C. some different leftovers D. meat, soup and fruit

　　4. There are __________ kinds of special foods mentioned in the passage.

　　A. two B. three C. four D. five

　　5. From the p assage, we know that __________.

　　A. there was not enough food in Ilan long ago

　　B. leftovers can't be used to cook delicious food

　　C. zao bing is a famous dish without any fat in it

　　D. the writer is interested in very big banquets

　　解析：

　　1、C 這是一道細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句"My parents taught me not to w aste food."可得出答案。

　　2、D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)二、三、四段可得出答案。A與事實(shí)不符;B項(xiàng)與第二段意思相悖;C項(xiàng)指現(xiàn)在，但文中說(shuō) 的是過(guò)去。

　　3、C 根據(jù)第二段第四、五句可得出答案。

　　4、B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。三種食物是kao zha、zao bing、duck meat。

　　5、A 推理判斷提。根據(jù)第二段第一句可得出答案。